Molecular weight342.43 g/mol (KPV); 402.92 g/mol (GHK-Cu)
CAS number67727-97-3 (KPV); 89030-95-5 (GHK-Cu)
FormLyophilized powder
KPV and copper-tripeptide research blend
KPV + GHK-Cu
KPV + GHK-Cu combines two tripeptides in one vial: 10mg KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) and 50mg GHK-Cu, the copper(II) complex of Gly-His-Lys. It is a single-vial source for in-vitro work that runs melanocortin-fragment and copper-peptide models side by side.
Vial size
1
Ships from the U.S.LyophilizedResearch use only
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Two well-characterized tripeptide reference compounds, combined in one vial.
Research applications
Extracellular-matrix gene expressionNF-kB signalingCopper(II) coordination chemistryKeratinocyte and fibroblast models
What it is
This blend holds two unrelated tripeptides at a 1:5 ratio by mass: KPV, the alpha-MSH(11-13) fragment, and GHK-Cu, a plasma tripeptide bound to copper(II). GHK-Cu is heavier per molecule, so by molecule count the vial holds roughly four GHK-Cu for each KPV.
No published study has examined the two together, and copper exchange between them in solution has not been characterized. The blend is supplied as source material for laboratory research only.
Storage
- Store lyophilized vials at -20°C and follow the storage window on the label.
- Protect from light and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Cited research applications
Dermal-fibroblast ECM assays
Keratinocyte signaling models
Copper-coordination chemistry
Tripeptide stability studies
Questions
Compound identifiers & literature
Public database identifiers and a selection of peer-reviewed publications for the compounds in this blend: KPV (Lys-Pro-Val, alpha-MSH 11-13) and GHK-Cu (Copper tripeptide-1), provided so researchers can verify each compound independently. Each entry links to the primary source.
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val, alpha-MSH 11-13)
PubChem CID125672
CAS number67727-97-3
FormulaC16H30N4O4
Molecular weight342.43 g/mol
SequenceLys-Pro-Val (KPV); H-Lys-Pro-Val-OH, the C-terminal tripeptide (residues 11-13) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Selected literature
- [1]Dalmasso G, Charrier-Hisamuddin L, Nguyen HT, Yan Y, Sitaraman S, Merlin D (2008). PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation Gastroenterology 134(1):166-78.Studied whether the tripeptide KPV is taken up through the di/tripeptide transporter PepT1 in intestinal epithelial and immune cell lines, using radiolabelled-substrate competition and [3H]KPV uptake kinetics, and measured NF-kappaB reporter activity, MAP kinase signaling and cytokine expression after cytokine stimulation. The same work examined two chemically induced colitis models in mice, assessed by histology and colonic cytokine mRNA.in vitro (intestinal epithelial cell lines Caco2-BBE and HT29-Cl.19A, Jurkat T cells) and rodent (DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis in mice)PMID 18061177DOI
- [2]Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, Heidemann J, Luegering A, Ross M, Brzoska T, Bohm M, Luger TA, Domschke W, Kucharzik T (2008). Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory bowel diseases 14(3):324-31.Examined the melanocortin-derived tripeptide alpha-MSH(11-13) (KPV) in two mouse models of intestinal inflammation, dextran sodium sulfate colitis and CD45RB-high transfer colitis, and in mice expressing a nonfunctional melanocortin-1 receptor. The course of inflammation was followed by colon histology and myeloperoxidase activity in colonic tissue.rodent (DSS colitis and CD45RB-high T-cell transfer colitis in mice, including mice with a nonfunctional melanocortin-1 receptor)PMID 18092346DOI
- [3]Getting SJ, Schiöth HB, Perretti M (2003). Dissection of the anti-inflammatory effect of the core and C-terminal (KPV) alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptides The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 306(2):631-7.Compared the C-terminal alpha-MSH tripeptide KPV with alpha-MSH, the core melanocortin peptide His-Phe-Arg-Trp and receptor-selective agonists in mouse peritonitis models, measuring polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation, and tested macrophage KC and IL-1beta release and cAMP accumulation in vitro. KPV did not raise cAMP, and its effect was not blocked by the MC3/4 receptor antagonist SHU9119, which led the authors to propose a mechanism other than melanocortin receptors.rodent (crystal- and IL-1beta-induced peritonitis in mice, including recessive yellow e/e mice) and in vitro (peritoneal macrophages)PMID 12750433DOI
- [4]Songok AC, Panta P, Doerrler WT, Macnaughtan MA, Taylor CM (2018). Structural modification of the tripeptide KPV by reductive "glycoalkylation" of the lysine residue PloS one 13(6):e0199686.Describes a reductive glycoalkylation method that converts a lysine epsilon-amine into a dihydroxylated piperidine, applied to H-KPV-NH2. Antimicrobial assays found no activity for Ac-KPV-NH2 or the glycoalkylated analogs, and the glycoalkylated peptides were stable toward proteolytic enzymes.chemistry and in vitro (synthetic modification, antimicrobial assays, protease stability)PMID 29953505DOI
GHK-Cu (Copper tripeptide-1)
PubChem CID71587328
CAS number89030-95-5
FormulaC14H23CuN6O4+
Molecular weight402.92 g/mol (PubChem CID 71587328, cation form)
UNII6BJQ43T1I9
DrugBankDB14683
SequenceGly-His-Lys (GHK); H-Gly-His-Lys-OH, complexed 1:1 with copper(II)
Selected literature
- [5]Pickart L, Margolina A (2018). Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(7):1987.Narrative review compiling previously published gene-expression, cell-culture and animal-model reports on the GHK peptide and its copper complex; indexed in PubMed as a Review and containing no new experimental data.
- [6]Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A (2015). GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration BioMed Research International, 2015:648108.Narrative review of the reported literature on GHK in skin tissue, covering in vitro, animal and cosmetic-study reports of collagen synthesis, metalloproteinase modulation and gene expression; indexed in PubMed as a Review and containing no new experimental data.
- [7]Maquart FX, Pickart L, Laurent M, Gillery P, Monboisse JC, Borel JP (1988). Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ FEBS Letters, 238(2):343-346.Measured collagen synthesis in cultured fibroblasts exposed to GHK-Cu. The authors report stimulation beginning between 10^-12 and 10^-11 M and maximal at 10^-9 M, and state the effect was independent of any change in cell number.
- [8]Siméon A, Emonard H, Hornebeck W, Maquart FX (2000). The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast cultures Life Sciences, 67(18):2257-2265.Measured matrix metalloproteinase-2 in conditioned media of cultured dermal fibroblasts treated with GHK-Cu, reporting increased MMP-2 protein and mRNA alongside increased secretion of the tissue inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. The authors report the effect was reproduced by copper ions alone but not by the copper-free GHK peptide.
- [9]Fu SC, Cheuk YC, Chiu WY, Yung SH, Rolf CG, Chan KM (2015). Tripeptide-copper complex GHK-Cu (II) transiently improved healing outcome in a rat model of ACL reconstruction Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 33(7):1024-1033.Seventy-two rats underwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and were randomized to saline or GHK-Cu for four weeks beginning at week 2. At 6 weeks the GHK-Cu groups showed a smaller side-to-side knee laxity difference and the lower-concentration group a higher graft stiffness; no significant difference was found at 12 weeks, and no significant difference in ultimate load, gait parameters or histological scores was found at any timepoint.
These references are provided for scientific context only. They describe published research on this compound and are not evidence of safety or efficacy, not an endorsement of any use, and not medical advice. This product is supplied for laboratory research use only — not for human or animal consumption.
Pairs well with
Related compounds
For Research Use Only. Not for human or animal consumption. This product has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. KPV + GHK-Cu is sold strictly as a research chemical for in-vitro and pre-clinical laboratory investigation only.